The FP Top 1. 00 Global Thinkers In 2. Arab Spring began fading into cynicism as the world watched Syria descend into civil war, while the region’s nascent democracies struggled with their newfound freedom. But, meanwhile, one of the most remarkable and unexpected political reversals of our time has unfolded on the other side of the globe: Burma, long among the world’s most repressive dictatorships, began to reform under the leadership of two very unlikely allies. Now she’s a duly elected member of the country’s parliament — and it’s partly thanks to reformist President Thein Sein, a former general often described as an awkward, bookish bureaucrat. To the astonishment of many, Thein Sein began loosening restrictions on free speech and opening the economy after coming to power in 2. This year, as the United States restored diplomatic ties with Burma (which the junta renamed Myanmar in 1.
Although Burma’s struggles are far from over — she has warned that international investment has been too rapid, and ethnic violence is escalating — the willingness of both the Lady and the general to embrace short- term compromise and foster long- term reconciliation in what was only recently one of the world’s most isolated countries is something to celebrate. She used the occasion to remind the world of those like her, who struggle in the most forlorn places: “To be forgotten too is to die a little.
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It is to lose some of the links that anchor us to the rest of humanity.” It is a sentiment still felt from Aleppo to Havana, Pyongyang to Tehran, but also, as Aung San Suu Kyi and Thein Sein have shown, one that doesn’t need to be permanent. As the spirit of 2. Egypt and Libya and the bloody sectarian civil war in Syria, Tunisia remains the Arab Spring’s most promising success story, with a contentious but robust political system and an economy that is growing again. General Assembly meeting in September, the doctor- turned- democracy- activist called on the United Nations to declare dictatorship a “disease” and launch an official campaign against autocratic rulers, including the establishment of an international court to arbitrate elections and government legitimacy so as to prevent dictators from taking power in the first place. An admirer of Mahatma Gandhi, he devoted himself to human rights early in his career, traveling to India in his youth and South Africa soon after the end of apartheid. As head of Tunisia’s leading human rights organization, he was arrested several times by Zine el- Abidine Ben Ali’s regime and was eventually forced into exile in France, where he remained a prominent figure in Tunisia’sliberal opposition but angered many of his cohorts by working with the Islamist Ennahda movement.
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Marzouki returned home after Ben Ali’s ouster and was elected president by the country’s Constituent Assembly. He describes the country’s ultra- conservative Salafi groups as “extremely dangerous” but outside the mainstream. If anyone can guide Tunisia through its transition to democracy — and hopefully create a model for a troubled region — it’s Marzouki, who just might have the right combination of tenacity and levelheadedness to see the country through.
Reading list: Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, by Jared Diamond; Under a Green Sky: Global Warming, the Mass Extinctions of the Past, and What They Can Tell Us About Our Future, by Peter D. Ward; anthology of haikus. Best idea heard in 2. Tax financial transactions.
Worst idea: The support of China, Russia, and Iran to the Syrian regime. American decline or American renewal? More Europe or less? To tweet or not to tweet?
Not to tweet. It’s a different kind of American exceptionalism, based on more than just firepower. And in a U. S. Clinton, who was among those who led the push for the United States to intervene in Libya last year, remains a relentless campaigner for women’s rights and economic development, and she has insisted on the promotion of rights for gays and lesbians as an official component of U. S. But she has also added hardheaded global tactician to her portfolio, as when she spearheaded tense negotiations in China this past spring for the release of dissident Chen Guangcheng (No. With a 6. 6 percent approval rating, she’s a lot more popular than her boss these days and has taken the ups and downs of the Arab Spring — which she accurately predicted at a time when many others succumbed to starry- eyed wishful thinking — as proof that her brand of pragmatic politics harnessed to global star power can be a recipe for American restoration. Forty- eight minutes long and heavy on statistics and his trademark folksy ad- libs as he made the case for economic revitalization, the speech proved once again that no one in American politics does a better job of “. He’s still willing to criticize the president, for example, questioning Obama’s assaults on opponent Mitt Romney’s business success. And fittingly, Clinton’s signature post- presidency achievement, the Clinton Global Initiative, is dedicated to the notion that bringing the world’s most powerful and successful people together to work on pressing global problems is more productive than attacking those people.
He has been busy on his own innovative projects as well, touring Africa to promote sustainable agriculture and Haiti to discuss alternative energy, periodically dispensing his homespun wisdom along the way. Despite her stated plans to retire from politics as a grandmother- in- waiting, many supporters still haven’t given up hope that the Clintons will once again be in the White House come 2. Only this time, Bill may be the one at home baking cookies. Hydrogen and electric cars once seemed poised to fill that void, but their costs and upkeep have proved prohibitive.
Enter the driverless car, the brainchild of Google fellow and Stanford University computer scientist Sebastian Thrun — and now street- legal. Thrun has in effect reimagined the future of cars — as more about software than hardware. Relying on high- powered sensors and artificial- intelligence software that mimics human decisions, Thrun’s cars can maneuver on and off highways and through rush- hour traffic all by themselves. Robot drivers don’t drink, get distracted, or fall asleep behind the wheel — and their reflexes are measured in milliseconds. Thrun thinks the cars could halve the number of annual road deaths, now at more than 1. And because the safer driverless vehicles could be built smaller and lighter, they could also radically reduce fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions.
Stanley took home the $2 million prize after successfully traveling 1. Mojave Desert. In August, Google’s fleet of experimental cars logged its 3. That followed Nevada’s move in March to issue the first license for a self- driving car. As of September, Google’s version of Stanley was also cleared to drive in California, the most populous U. S. Still, it’s no longer a stretch to imagine that someday soon, if you’re driving on Highway 1. San Jose and San Francisco, you just might see Thrun finally starting to relax behind the wheel of his robo- powered Prius. Reading list: Steve Jobs, by Walter Isaacson.
Best idea: New approach to desalinization of seawater. Worst idea: Cutting taxes for the rich helps poor people. American decline or American renewal?
More Europe or less? To tweet or not to tweet? Absolutely. MELINDA GATESFor insisting on women’s power to choose.
As a leader of the world’s largest private development organization, Melinda Gates has long impressed development hands by tackling extreme poverty, pioneering vaccinations, and waging a bold campaign with her husband to eradicate polio. Now she’s establishing herself as a powerful force in her own right, taking on the Catholic Church for its conservative resistance to contraception. By 2. 02. 0, she says, the Gates Foundation will make “affordable, lifesaving contraceptive information, services, and supplies” available to 1. According to Gates Foundation- funded research, increasing access to contraception could save the lives of more than 1. And she has the funds to do it: By 2. Gates Foundation will invest $5. Most will be spent in South Asia and sub- Saharan Africa, where access to contraceptives is not widespread and maternal and infant mortality rates are devastatingly high.
Contraceptive use already prevents 2. Gates has taken bold steps to fill. Reading list: In the Shadow of the Banyan, by Vaddey Ratner; A Good Man: Rediscovering My Father, Sargent Shriver, by Mark Shriver; The Last Hunger Season, by Roger Thurow. Best idea: Three Tanzanian women who innovated an unbreakable security system for their group mobile money account.
Worst idea: Women in the developing world not being empowered to determine if and when to have a child. American decline or American renewal? American renewal because of the human promise, innovation, and opportunity that exists in our country. More Europe or less? To tweet or not to tweet? To tweet and join the global conversation. BILL GATESFor daring to imagine a better everything.
A perennial. FP Global. Thinker for the enormous scale and ambition of his efforts to finance — and reimagine — global health and development, Bill Gates earns a mention this year for investing in . Don’t snicker. It’s an urgently worthy cause: 2.
It’s a simple concept but one that Gates, the man whose innovations helped transform personal computing software, says will “revolutionize” sanitation in the developing world as well as in wealthy countries. The winning design, from the California Institute of Technology, uses a solar- powered electrochemical reactor that kills off microorganisms while producing hydrogen and electricity. The foundation hopes to make a pilot version of the system operational by 2. Late last year he became the first private citizen to address a G- 2.